ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of heavy metals and pesticide residues in Codonopsis Ra-dix to evaluate the safety of Codonopsis Radix commercially available in Taiyuan city. METHODS:Gas chromatography was used to determine the residues of organochlorine pesticides in Codonopsis Radix. The column was DB-1701 fused silica capillary col-umn,detector was 63Ni-ECD electron capture detector,carrier gas was high-purity nitrogen,volume temperature was 210℃,detec-tor temperature was 300 ℃ and volume injection was 1 μl. ICP-MS method was conducted to determine the contents of Pb,Cd, Hg and As. High frequency transmitter power was 1 500 W,temperature of premix chamber was 2 ℃,flow rate of cooling gas was 15.0 L/min,flow rate of carrier was 0.8 L/min,peristaltic pump speed was 0.1 ml/s,compensation flow rate was 0.3 L/min and volume depth was 8 mm. RESULTS:The linear range of organochlorine pesticides was 4-100 μg/L(r≥0.995 0). RSDs of pre-cision,stability and reproducibility tests were not higher than 13.7%,recovery was 97.0%-104.0%(RSD≤1.9%,n=9). Linear re-gression equations of Pb,Cd,Hg and As were 0~0.025、0~0.025、0~0.005、0~0.025 μg/ml(r≥0.999 2),respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were not higher than 9.3%,average recoveries was 95.0%-106.7%(RSD≤3.8%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,sensitive and accurate,and can be used for the determination of heavy metals and parts of pesticide residues in Codonopsis Radix. The contents of heavy metals and organochlorine pesticide residues in Codonopsis Radix are comformed to national limits.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the status quo and the tendency of the use of narcotic analgesics in patients with cancer in our hospital.METHODS:The use of narcotic analgesics in the inpatients with cancer between 2005 and 2008 in our hospital was analyzed statistically in respect of the consumption sum,number of patients using this drug and the prescriptions etc.RESULTS:Morphine Sulfate Controlled release Tablets(10 mg) was not welcome by both physicians and patients; however,the consumption sum and DDDs of Fentanyl transdermal patches and Morphine Sulfate Controlled-release Tablets (30 mg) had been dominated the front places over the 4 years.The consumption quantity of common Morphine tablets kept steady increase yet no obvious change has been noted in average dose per prescription;however,the per capita consumption quantity has been increasing.Bucinnazine hydrochloride tables as an two step analgesics kept decreasing in consumption.The total consumption of Morphine injection and Bucinnazine injection were decreasing on the whole.CONCLUSION:The use of narcotic analgesics for patients with cancer in our hospital is in line with the principle of cancer pain three-step analgesic ladder recommended by WHO.